The Mini Might Misconception
“It’s just a small telehandler; I don’t need a license for that, do I?” This question, or a variation of it, is incredibly common. Many people assume that smaller equipment, like mini excavators, skid steer loaders, or compact telehandlers, are somehow exempt from high-risk work licensing requirements. This is a dangerous misconception, fueled by the mistaken belief that “small” equals “safe.”
In Australia, the size of the equipment is not the primary factor determining whether a High-Risk Work Licence (HRWL) is required. It’s the inherent risk of the task being performed. Safe Work Australia data consistently shows that accidents involving smaller machinery are surprisingly frequent, often resulting in serious injuries. This is because even “small” equipment can exert significant force, operate at heights, or create hazardous situations.
This article will debunk the myth of “small equipment exemptions,” focusing specifically on telehandlers, skid steers, and other commonly used machines. We’ll clarify the licensing requirements and empower you to make informed decisions about safety and compliance.
The Myth of “Small” = “Safe”, Debunking the Misconception
The idea that smaller equipment is inherently safer is a fallacy. While larger machines may have a greater potential for large-scale damage, smaller equipment often operates in tighter spaces, closer to workers, and with less experienced operators.
Why Small Equipment Can Be Dangerous
- Maneuverability – Compact machines can be highly maneuverable, making them prone to sudden movements and collisions in confined areas.
- Operator Proximity – Operators are often closer to the moving parts and potential hazards.
- Instability – Smaller machines can be more susceptible to tipping, especially on uneven ground or with unbalanced loads.
- Complacency – The perception of “easy operation” can lead to complacency and a lack of proper safety precautions.
- Lack of Training – Due to the misconception.
Defining the Risk, Not the Size. The Task-Based Approach
Australian WHS regulations focus on the task being performed, not the size of the equipment. This is a crucial principle to understand.
Key Risk Factors
Several factors determine whether a task is considered high-risk, regardless of equipment size:
- Lifting Capacity – The weight of the load being lifted.
- Working at Heights – Any task where a person could fall a significant distance.
- Potential for Crushing Injuries – The risk of being trapped or crushed by moving parts.
- Underground Services – The risk of striking buried utilities (gas lines, electrical cables).
- Confined Spaces – Operating in areas with limited access and potential atmospheric hazards.
If a task involves any of these risk factors, a license is likely required, even if the equipment seems “small.”
Common “Small” Equipment Requiring Licenses, A Closer Look
Let’s examine some specific types of smaller equipment and the associated licensing requirements.
Telehandlers – The Versatile Lifter
Telehandlers (also known as telescopic handlers) are incredibly versatile machines, used for lifting and moving materials in various industries. Their extending boom allows them to reach heights and distances that forklifts cannot.
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Risks
- Tipping – Telehandlers are prone to tipping, especially when the boom is extended or the load is unbalanced.
- Dropped Loads – Materials can fall from the forks or attachments, causing serious injury.
- Collisions – Operating in tight spaces increases the risk of collisions with objects or people.
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Licensing
- In most Australian States/Territories a telehandler that has a capacity greater than three tonnes will require the operator to hold a High-Risk Work Licence.
- A Non-Slewing Telehandler with a capacity of 3 Tonne or less, does not require a High-Risk Work License, however, the operator will need to be deemed competent by their employer.
- If using a work platform attachment with a reach of over 11 meters, an additional Elevated Work Platform Licence is required.
Skid Steer Loaders, The Compact Powerhouse
Skid steer loaders are known for their maneuverability and versatility. They can be fitted with various attachments, making them useful for a wide range of tasks.
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Risks
- Crushing/Pinning – Operators or bystanders can be crushed or pinned between the machine and other objects.
- Runovers – The compact size and limited visibility can increase the risk of runovers.
- Ejection – Operators can be ejected from the cab if the machine tips or if safety restraints are not used.
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Licensing
- While a specific “skid steer licence” doesn’t typically exist as a separate HRWL class, the tasks performed with a skid steer often do require a license. For example, if the skid steer is used for earthmoving work that meets the criteria for excavation or trenching, other licenses or certifications may be needed to demonstrate competency. The employer is responsible for ensuring the operator is competent.
Mini Excavators, Digging Deeper Than You Think
Mini excavators are popular for their compact size and ability to work in confined spaces.
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Risks
- Trench Collapse – Excavating trenches, even shallow ones, carries the risk of collapse, trapping workers.
- Underground Utility Strikes – Hitting buried gas lines, electrical cables, or water pipes can have catastrophic consequences.
- Tip-overs – Operating on uneven ground or near edges can lead to instability.
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Licensing
- Similar to skid steers, a specific “mini excavator licence” isn’t always a separate HRWL class. However, the work being done (excavation, trenching) often triggers the need for competency demonstration, which could include other certifications or licenses depending on the specific state/territory regulations and the depth/complexity of the excavation.
Elevated Work Platforms (Smaller Types), Reaching New Heights, Safely
Even smaller scissor lifts and boom lifts, used for tasks like changing lightbulbs or accessing signage, fall under HRW regulations.
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Risks
- Falls from Height – The primary risk, even at relatively low heights.
- Tip-overs – Instability due to uneven ground or overloading.
- Entrapment – Workers can become trapped between the platform and overhead structures.
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Licensing
- An Elevated Work Platform (EWP) licence (often categorized as WP class) is generally required for operating any powered boom lift with a reach of 11 meters or more.
- For scissor lifts and boom lifts under 11 meters, specific licensing requirements may vary between states/territories, but proof of competency is always required. Some jurisdictions may require a “Yellow Card” (a training program, not a formal licence) or other documented training.
How to Determine License Requirements. A Step-by-Step Guide
Navigating the licensing requirements can be confusing. Here’s a simple guide;
- Identify the Task – What specific work will be performed with the equipment?
- Assess the Risks – Consider the factors listed earlier (lifting capacity, working at heights, etc.).
- Consult Local Regulations – Check the website of your state/territory WorkSafe authority (see list in previous articles). Use specific keywords (e.g., “telehandler licence NSW”).
- Contact a Registered Training Organisation (RTO) – If you’re still unsure, contact an RTO specialising in high-risk work training. They can provide expert advice and guidance.
Don’t Underestimate the Risk
Never assume that “small” equipment is exempt from licensing requirements. The potential for serious injury is always present, regardless of size. Focus on the task being performed, assess the risks involved, and consult the relevant regulations. Prioritise safety and ensure that anyone operating equipment, no matter how small, is properly trained and licensed. Don’t let a small machine cause a big problem.
Ready to unlock your full potential in the HRW industry? Explore our website further to discover the perfect training path for you. Or, if you have any questions or need personalised guidance, don’t hesitate to contact us. Our friendly team is here to support you every step of the way.
Remember, your dream career is within reach. With AOTA by your side, you can build the skills, confidence, and qualifications you need to succeed. So, take the first step today and start building your future!
Dedicated to your success
Nigel